This is a Quora post that I just made. Of course everyone kind of laughed about this idea of building battleships. But then I thought about it, and churned out this post…
Do you agree with defence experts who say the new “Trump Class” battleships will be totally ineffective and are already out of date?
I generally don’t agree with any “experts”.
It doesn’t matter who or what they are “expert” in.
In general, and I’m gonna give you a really biased opinion here, an “expert” is a paid actor to give the illusion of supreme knowledge in order to pontificate on an issue in such a way that moneyed interests profit. (Phew!)
My opinion, and only my opinion on this issue. And notice (for the record) that it is a minority opinion.
- President Trump is proposing and funding a new weapons system for the United States Navy.
- Trump, who is generally ignorant in military technology, frames this investment as a “battleship”. It may be, or might not be. But whatever it is, it’s gonna be new and different from previous vessel designs.
- The details are unknown at this time, though there is a substantial amount of speculation.
Taken together, I think that Donald Trump… as bombastic and irritating as he often is… is trying to modernize the United States navy. And, you know what? I think that it is a good thing.
So please you all need to cool down your jets and give the man a chance.
He’s proposing a new sort of weapon for the United States Navy, funding it (well, at least for two vessels) and finding a way to keep funding the military-industrial complex without throwing money to Ukraine, and Israel. Give him a break, won’t you?
Just my opinion.
“Today Is Your Last Day” Kentucky Bourbon Factory Shutdown After Sales PLUMMET From Trump Tariffs
Smoky Spareribs

Yield: 100 servings
Ingredients
- 100 pounds pork spareribs, cut into serving size pieces
- 336 ounces barbecue sauce
- 80 ounces crushed pineapple, undrained
- 5 pounds brown sugar
- 4 to 8 ounces Liquid Smoke flavoring, as desired
Instructions
- Place the ribs in large roasting pans. Cover and bake at 350 degrees F for 1 hour; drain.
- Bake for 15 to 30 minutes longer or until almost tender.
- Meanwhile, in a kettle, combine barbecue sauce, pineapple, brown sugar and Liquid Smoke; cook and stir until sugar is dissolved.
- Drain ribs; pour sauce over ribs.
- Bake, uncovered, for 15 to 20 minutes or until tender.
Star Trek TNG – Cardassian Treachery | Clip
I Met My Nemesis In Retrograde
Written in response to: “Set your story in a world where astrology and the movements of celestial bodies deeply impact the lives of inhabitants.“
C.B. Chribby
Thing is, I checked my calendar and I know that the combination of retrograde and Aquarius, the opposite season of my star sign, make this a very bad time for me. My eyes grow wide there on the sidewalk. I am careful not to look anyone in the eye and my vision is cast downward. I look to the shoes of the people around me and think to myself that any one of these people could be a potential lover or… the alternative.
We were told when we were young about great stories in which heroes and villains are constantly at war with one another for the sake of destiny. It wasn’t stories of Good and Evil but rather of star signs and their rivals. Like ancient gods, and that’s exactly what they are to us Outlanders, the stars pick champions and rivals. During the time of your star sign, luck is on your side. I have lived my whole life with that knowledge, as has everyone else.
One can only hope that when the moon chooses them, it will be when the moon would be in prograde and their star-sign would bask brilliantly down upon them: when you are at your strongest and best.
But this was all wrong. All wrong indeed. I shuffled through the crowded streets of Bortland and took note of every pair of shoes that passed me. A pair of sports shoes with clean, white leather; a pair of boat shoes with a hole in the left front; skate shoes pair with sparkling moons and stars; some sneakers with rust-colored dirt from a base-bat field.
Please no one look, please no one look.
I made it this way to work, five minutes late. I rushed into the back room and finally lifted my eyes from the floor. My coworkers were safe because we had all already met. If there was a chance that sparks would fly today it wouldn’t be with Travis from the bakery section.
Here, at Tomorrow’s Nobles, I have the sneaking suspicion that everyone is still waiting for their sign from the Moon. I don’t know the demographic of all of us employees but I can say for sure that we’re majorly Outlanders. I wear my sign of the crossed suns over my chest. Make no mistake, that’s covered up this time of year. I don’t want to risk the extra back luck I have by tempting fate with skin cancer from the sun or some lurker’s hungry eyes on my train ride home.
Either way, my emblem is tucked away beneath my apron as I position myself behind the register at the front of the store. Travis from the bakery gives a dull wave from across the foyer. I wave meekly back, still reminding myself not to draw too much attention.
That’s when Cassandra sneaks up behind me.
“Heya, Grace,” she says to me. I practically jump out of my skin as a little squeak escapes my lips.
I whirl around toward her.
She laughs, “Whoa, what’s up with you?”
“Hi! Nothing! Shush!” I sputter. Cassandra and I aren’t exactly best buds but I’d like to think that we might be one day. She has one of those cool wolf-cuts all the cool girls wear and I just look like a plain-Jane.
I glance around for customers and see that we’re virtually alone on this side of the store. I pull her in conspiratorially by the elbow. “It fucking happened.”
“What fucking happened?”
“The moon, dude. The Moon happened.”
She raises an eyebrow and it’s now that I realized I’ve never asked her if she’s an Outlander too. “Oh god, sorry. I forgot to tell you. I’m an Outlander and something really significant happened.”
“Well,” she scoffed, “It can’t be that significant. I read tomorrow’s news and there’s nothing out of the ordinary, although I was sad to see that Brooklands is closing down due to crappy sales–”
“No, no, I meant to me.”
“Meant as in ‘it already happened’?”
“Huh?” I ask.
She blinks, “What?”
I scrunch my eyes closed, “Damn, sorry, let me start over. I opened a fortune cookie and–”
“Dude! Seriously? While the moon is in retrograde??”
“Listen, I know, I know, I–”
“And weren’t you born in, like, August? Dude that’s extra bad luck–”
“I KNOW!” I whisper-shout.
Just then someone clears their throat. We both jump as there’s a man standing there, hot as the fires of Venus, a black leather and canvas jacket tightly wrapped around a muscular, toned frame. His dark eyes make traces over myself and Cassandra.
“Excuse me,” he says in the smokiest, deepest voice I’ve ever heard from a guy.
“Yes, hi!” says Cassandra like a schoolgirl. She glances between me and him. I feel my face melting off already.
“I needed some help and that, uh, ‘help desk–’” he actually makes the motions with his fingers “–was empty.”
“Oh!” says Cassandra, coming down a little from the shock of this striking man’s appearance from nowhere. “Yeah, what can I help you with?” I admire her ability to roll with the punches like that.
“Well, I was hoping if either of you could show me to the summoning section?”
“Cultural Mythos or Practicing?” asks Cassandra.
“You guys don’t have them together?” he snaps back. I’m starting to not like his tone.
“Well, one would be in our history section while the other is in spells and incantations,” I say, backing up my friend.
“Right,” he says. “Okay, well can one of you show me the way?”
“Sure! I–” Cassandra glances at me and back to him. “Actually, I need to be up here at the cash registers, maybe my friend here can help you!” I can tell she’s trying to be helpful, but I don’t want to spend more time with this guy. Something about his attitude doesn’t sit right with me, like he’s hiding something.
“Yeah, okay, it’ll be this way,” I say, rounding the register counter. I turn my head back to Cassandra and stick my tongue out at her. She just winks back.
This guy’s walk is about as cocky as his words. He walks as if leaning backward, swaying his arms in stride.
“So, how do you like your job here?” he asks.
“I couldn’t live without it,” I say dryly.
“Hm, so would you say you like working here?”
“I can’t imagine working anywhere else, honestly. Here we are! The history section, subsection, summoning!”
“Oh, I was hoping to see the Practice section, actually. Never specified, sorry.”
“Oh, um. Yeah, it’s gonna be this way.” I pass through a few book-bays and we finally come to a decorated group of shelves filled with crystals, books, grimoires, tarot decks, chalk sets, toy daggers, and a select few YA books featuring witches.
“This is perfect! You seem to know your way around this place pretty well, good for you.”
I shrug, “I’m just glad I could be of help.”
“I look forward to it,” he says as I turn to walk away.
A chill catches in my spine. “Sorry?”
“Oh,” he crouches to get a book on a bottom shelf. “I’m the new-hire. I’ll be replacing Debby soon.”
‘Debby’ who strictly goes by ‘Debra’ to employees is our manager we begrudgingly respect.
“Wait, you’re our new manager?” I sort of laugh in disbelief.
He picks out a thick, purple grimoire. “Yeah. My name’s David.”
I shake his hand. His shake is a little too firm with me.
“Grace.”
“Pleasure. Well, I’ll be seeing you around.” We part ways and I practically sprint back to the register to fill Cassandra in.
“He’s our new WHAT?”
“Yeah, I don’t know how to feel about it,” I say. “He kinda gives me bad vibes.”
“Girl, what? He’s cute.”
“Yeah, but I don’t like the way he judged you for not being at the help desk.”
She rolls her eyes, “That could’ve been anyone else’s job.”
I glance at Travis in the bakery. He’s overwhelmed with customers, scrambling to write down orders as he goes. A trickle of white smoke is coming from the toaster behind him as it begins to beep.
“We’re the only ones in the store, dude. Also it looks like Travis could use a hand.”
Cassandra sees the drama as it unfolds, “Holy shit!” She runs off.
I steep in misery for the next half-hour. I think back to the fortune and the crappy luck I’ve been having lately. But then I remember that this is just a phase. Things will get better but only in a certain amount of time. August is only six months away, after all.
When I see David again, he’s wearing an apron, like me. “Okay! Since we’ve already had the pleasure of introductions out of the way, let’s talk about some new store policies.”
“What new store policies?” I ask.
“The ones I brought over from the other store. You know, with me.” Our eyes lock and suddenly the stars make it as clear as day. His irises constrict and I can feel the room darken as mine do too. A wave of nausea blasts at me from his direction as a cold sweat begins to form on my forehead and down my neck. Every follicle of hair on my body raises. My nemesis. This is he.
“Whoa, did you feel that?” he feigns a dizzy spell. “Was there an earthquake or something? Weird.” Without another word, he walks off.
I stand there, dazed.
Cassandra returns, burn marks on her apron. A little fleck of her well-textured hair smokes. “Well we got the line down, thank the stars.”
“Cass,” I mumble. “The new manager…”
“David?”
“Yeah, David…” his name makes me suddenly want to vomit. I gag. “Dude, he’s my nemesis.”
Cassandra blinks. I can see the gears turning in her head as she processes. Finally, her eyes half-close. “Yeah, I can see it.”
I’m still rigid. “Do I…? Do I go home or something? Like do I find a new job?”
Cassandra leans on the register. “Nah, dude. People work with people they hate all the time. Check your star map and I bet it looks pretty much the same.”
“I don’t have– oh, right, the app.” I pull out my phone and direct it upwards, as if waiting for a good signal. My little patch of stars, the ones I was born under, pass peacefully in space. When I zoom in for a better look I see a nebula I hadn’t noticed before: an explosion of greens, blues, and purples. “Shit,” I say, passing the phone to Cassandra. She whistles softly.
“Looks like there’s gonna be some major changes coming soon.” She rests her hand on my shoulder. “But hey, change isn’t always bad, you know?”
I frown at her. “During retrograde? During Aquarius?”
She chuckles. “I didn’t say it had to happen right this minute… But hey, sometimes you come across a diamond in the rough.” She lifts her hand from my shoulder and I suddenly feel cold and alone. “Besides, Aquarius isn’t all that bad for me. Maybe some of my decent luck will rub off on you.”
I sigh. “Imma head home early, I think.”
Cassandra finally brushes the soot out of her hair. “You do you, boo.”
★ ★ ★
I sit on the metro on the way home. I didn’t spend very long at work today, but I somehow feel completely drained. I check my phone. It’s still locked in on the image of the nebula from earlier. The beautiful bespeckled cloud will somehow form new worlds and maybe give life to some new stars. Destinies in the making, I think to myself.
A waft of warm air enters through one of the metro’s open doors. Funny, I think to myself as the most pleasant smell hits me. Usually it’s so cold on the metro at night. I suddenly remember I left work early and I’m just not used to afternoons. But the smell still lingers before me, like fresh rain on old wood.
Suddenly, a glimmer of light catches my eye: a pair of skate shoes with moons and stars. When I look up from my phone, someone is standing in front of me, holding a book down by their thigh. Diamonds And Forever the title reads, its little cover adorned with a glossy blue diamond.
I look up and lock eyes with the most beautiful girl I’ve ever seen. She notices me and our eyes lock. Suddenly the world feels right-side up after a long delay of upside-downs. The metro light behind her illuminates her curly brown hair like a halo around her face. I smile and she does too.
“Hi,” I say.
“Hi!” she says back.
I suddenly realize I have nothing to say to her, much less think about.
“Mind if I sit?” she asks, mercifully.”
“Oh, yeah, of course,” I say before making room. She sits right beside me and I swear gravity shifts in her direction.
“I’m Grace, by the way.”
“Nebula,” she says, taking my hand in hers. “You can call me Lua, though.”
“That’s amazing.”
“Yeah?” she laughs. I realize I must be smiling like an idiot.
I shift gears, “Whatcha reading?”
“Ah, some book about destiny theory.”
“Oh cool! I work in a bookstore and I don’t think I’ve ever seen it before.”
“You work in a bookstore? That’s so cool!” We can’t stop talking from there as the rest of the world vanishes around us. The pains of the day dissipate behind me and the universe becomes just a little brighter.
★ ★ ★
Needless to say, I miss my stop.
Col 27 -Book 492 – Sir Whiskerton and the Case of the Pilfered Pastry (A Tale of Shy Hearts, Stolen Crusts, and the Sweetest Kind of Chaos)
Ah, dear reader—prepare your heart, your apron, and your sense of wonder. Today’s story does not begin with a quack, a snort, or even a kazoo blast.
It begins with a whisper.
A soft, bashful, utterly heartfelt “This is for you.”
Followed by the gentle thump of a pie box, placed just so—too carefully to be forgotten, too tenderly to be left unguarded.
So settle in. Breathe deep. And step—gently, lovingly—into Sir Whiskerton and the Case of the Pilfered Pastry.
The Perfect Spot (That Wasn’t So Perfect)
It was a Thursday—golden, still, humming with the lazy buzz of bees and the distant snore-squeak of Porkchop mid-nap.
Martha arrived at the farm gate, basket in hand, cheeks flushed from the walk, hair catching the light like spun wheat.
In the basket: one apple pie—crust golden-brown, lattice woven with care, steam still curling from its center like a promise.
“Made with your mom’s apples,” she said, handing it to the Farmer. “Thought you might like a slice after work.”
His breath caught—just once.
He took the box—as if it held not dessert, but a vow—and whispered:
“I’ll keep it safe.”
Then—in a flash of shy certainty—he carried it inside, muttering to himself:
“Not the counter—too exposed. Not the pantry—too warm. Ah—the linen closet. Ideal temperature for crust integrity.”
He placed it atop a stack of folded towels—still warm from the dryer—and closed the door.
Then—he turned.
And forgot.
The Great Pie Panic
By noon, the Farmer was pacing.
“Where did I…? It was right here… no, wait—”
He checked the counter. The pantry. The tractor seat.
Nothing.
Doris, ever watchful, saw his distress.
“A crisis! A culinary catastrophe!”
“Catastrophe! Oh, I can’t bear it!” Lillian shrieked—fainting onto a sack of oats.
Sir Whiskerton, sunbathing on the roof, flicked an ear.
“Hmph. Either a pie has vanished… or the Farmer has misplaced his own mind.”
“Mind! Mind!” echoed Ditto—who’d already begun interviewing the scarecrow.
Catnip, napping in the sun, opened one eye—and instantly became suspect #1.
“He’s been eyeing the farmer’s pocket watch for weeks,” Doris hissed. “A pie is just… step two.”
“Step two! Step two!”
The investigation began in earnest:
- Sir Whiskerton followed a “crumb trail”—which turned out to be dirt, a dropped raisin, and one very confused ant.
- Bartholomew was interrogated—the Farmer had, in his panic, whispered the pie’s location to him:“It’s in the linen closet, Bartholomew. Top shelf. Tell no one.”
Bartholomew blinked—unable to reply, unwilling to betray. - Rufus sniffed every corner—even dove headfirst into the slop bucket, just in case.
- Catnip, cornered near the compost, puffed his fur:“I don’t steal pies. I appreciate them. From a distance. With dignity.”
“Dignity! Dignity!” echoed Ditto—now wearing a pie-slice hat.
Chaos bloomed:
- The hens filed “Breaking Crust” reports.
- Genghis offered a “Gold-Chain Reward” for “proof of pastry.”
- Zephyr floated by, sipping moonbeam tea:“Y’all are looking for a pie… but the real treasure’s watching you look.”
He nodded toward Martha—who sat on the porch steps, smiling softly, cradling a second, smaller pie.
“Just in case,” she murmured.
The Revelation (and the Linen Closet Truth)
Just as Sir Whiskerton prepared to issue a formal “Pie Emergency Decree,” the Farmer stopped.
Stood very still.
Closed his eyes.
And remembered.
“The… towels.”
He strode to the linen closet—heart pounding—and opened the door.
There it sat:
The pie.
Warm.
Intact.
Resting on sun-warmed towels, steam still rising, as if waiting—patient, certain, loved.
He lifted it.
Carried it to the porch.
Placed it beside Martha’s smaller pie.
She looked up—eyes soft, knowing.
“Found it?”
“Yes.”
“Good spot?”
“Perfect.”
No fanfare.
No apology.
Just two pies, two hands brushing as they cut the first slice, and the quiet hum of belonging—warm as crust, sweet as apples, golden as the light between them.
The Moral of the Story
That evening, as fireflies rose and the farm hummed in C-sharp, Sir Whiskerton addressed the animals.
“The moral of the story, dear reader, is this:
The sweetest gifts aren’t in the receiving or the giving—but in the wonderfully silly, shared memories you make along the way.
The Farmer didn’t lose the pie. He lost himself—just for a moment—in the wanting to keep something precious safe. And in that panic, the farm didn’t scold. It joined him. They searched, they theorized, they accused a perfectly innocent cat—and in doing so, they turned a simple dessert into a story they’ll tell for years.
So go ahead. Misplace the moment. Forget where you put the love.
The joy isn’t in the finding.
It’s in the looking—together.”
Doris dabbed her eyes.
“A culinary metaphor! I can’t bear it!”
“Bear it! Bear it!”
And Catnip?
He sat beside Martha, nibbling a slice—no guilt, no smirk, just quiet contentment.
“Best pie I’ve never stolen.”
“Stolen! Stolen!” echoed Ditto—now napping in the empty box, a crumb on his nose.
Post-Credit Scene
Later, Chef Remy unveiled his newest invention:
“Anxiety-Assuaging Apple Crumble™”
(“Guaranteed to soothe search parties—or cause interpretive baking.”)
Mr. Ducky bought the rights:
“Now with 200% more shared memory!”
And on the linen closet shelf—now labeled in Ditto’s careful script:
“Pie Vault (Temperature-Controlled Love Zone).”
(Footnote: “—D.D.”)
Outside—the stars twinkled.
The wind hummed.
And somewhere, faint on the breeze—
Thump… slice…* share *… yum.
Jingle on. 🥧💛✨
(Or, in farm-ese: Fluster… find… fork … forever.)
The End.
This Sack Of Potatoes Realizes She’s Going To Prison
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Modern Humans and Neanderthals Used the Zagros Mountains for Interbreeding!

A fascinating new study has potentially discovered a huge interbreeding zone for Neanderthals and Homo sapiens from the late Pleistocene (c.129,000 and c.11,700 years ago) who lived in parts of Southeast Europe and Southwest Asia. Narrowing down the list of potential places for this, the researchers zeroed in on the Zagros Mountains on the Persian Plateau, which stretches from Iran to northern parts of Iraq and into southeastern Turkey in modern geographical terms.
Ecological Niche Modelling: Where the Science is At
While scientists have long known of this interbreeding, the precise locations for these encounters had remained elusive. This is because fossil evidence is sparse, and the availability of ancient DNA is limited. In response, a team of researchers led by Saman Guran from the University of Cologne in Germany turned to an innovative approach: ecological niche modelling, and have published their finds in the latest edition of the journal Scientific Reports.
This method assesses habitat suitability by examining environmental factors such as temperature and precipitation. By integrating this model with geographic information systems (GIS), the team reconstructed the potential ranges of both species during a crucial window of time—between 120,000 and 80,000 years ago—referred to as Marine Isotope Stage 5 (MIS 5).
The results of their work are striking: during MIS 5, the Zagros Mountains, with their dramatic cliffs and fertile valleys, likely served as a key crossroads. Neanderthals from the Palearctic region and modern humans migrating out of Africa may have encountered one another in this very landscape. The region’s rich biodiversity and varied topography would have provided the ideal conditions for both species to thrive. It was, perhaps, also the perfect setting for them to meet, and potentially interbreed.

Howraman Valley in Zagros Mountain. Kurdistan Province, Iran. (Elena Odareeva/Adobe Stock)
In the Zagros: Favorable Climate, Favorable Geography
This hypothesis situates the Zagros Mountains at the heart of a significant chapter in human evolution. According to the researchers, shifts in climate during this period would have made the environmental conditions of the Zagros especially hospitable. This created what scientists term a “niche overlap,” where the habitats of Neanderthals and modern humans intersected, according to a press release.
The researchers wrote in their study.
“Our study identified the Persian Plateau, particularly the Zagros Mountains, as a potential interbreeding area for AMHs and Neanderthals. The possibility of attracting different hominin groups in the Zagros Mountains is justified by the geographical conditions of this region, since it is located in two different biogeographical zones, namely, the Palearctic and Afrotropical realms.”
Neanderthals, long accustomed to the cold, rugged environments of Europe, found in the Zagros a landscape that mirrored their native habitats. Meanwhile, modern humans, adept at navigating new and challenging terrains, would have been well-prepared to traverse this mountainous region. This overlap of habitats increased the likelihood of contact between the two species, and consequently, the possibility of interbreeding.
While modeling can offer valuable insights, physical evidence is essential to support such theories. Fortunately, the Zagros Mountains are not merely a theoretical meeting point on a map.
“The border areas of two realms are important in biology since they operate as refugia for species from glacial environments. Consequently, some parts of the Zagros Mountains could have been visited repeatedly by people living in the border areas of the Palearctic and Afrotropical realms during Pleistocene climatic shifts. Therefore, the possibility of interaction between different hominins, including AMHs and Neanderthals, was greater in these areas,” wrote the authors.
Neanderthal Rising: Further Evidence of their Presence
This region has already yielded some of the most significant fossil and archaeological discoveries related to Neanderthals.
In the northern Zagros, Shanidar Cave has provided a wealth of evidence. Excavations there have uncovered the remains of ten Neanderthals, offering an intimate glimpse into their lives—and perhaps, their deaths. Several of these individuals are thought to have been buried with flowers, (although there are some other theories) a practice that hints at rituals and customs previously thought to be unique to Homo sapiens, reports ZME Science.
Further south, in the Kermanshah region of Iran, additional Neanderthal fossils have been discovered in caves such as Wezmeh and Bisetun, bolstering the notion that this mountainous region was a long-term home for Neanderthals. However, it is the discovery of a single Neanderthal tooth at the Bawa Yawan rock shelter, dated to around 65,000 years ago, that has captured the most attention.
Found alongside Mousterian stone tools, this tooth provides critical evidence that Neanderthals were present in the Zagros during the timeframe when interbreeding with modern humans likely occurred.
The implications of Neanderthal-AMH interbreeding are profound. Today, Neanderthal DNA constitutes a small, but significant, portion of the genomes of most people of non-African descent (1-4%), influencing everything from immune responses to skin pigmentation. By uncovering the locations and times where this interbreeding took place, researchers are piecing together a more complete and complex narrative of human evolution.
Top image: Habitat suitability models of the two Homo species and their potential contact and interbreeding zones in Southwest Asia and Southeast Europe. Source: Guran et al./Scientific Reports
By Sahir Pandey
ISS vs China’s Tiangong Space Station — Why the Inside Feels More Modern Than NASA’s
Italian Pot Roast
Updated November 1, 2025 / By Holly Erickson & Natalie Mortimer

Photography by Gayle McLeod
‘Tis the Season for Roast Beast!
“When the Grinch Stole Christmas,”—playing on repeat in our homes this time of year—reminds us that this season is not how many presents you’ve received. It’s about love. And nothing says “I love you” like gathering your favorite people together around your table and feeding them something a little special. Enter this Italian pot roast recipe!
Although it takes a little time—a low-and-slow cook is what makes pot roast oh-so-delicious—pot roast is actually a really low-key recipe. So go ahead and invite a big crowd over! Pop open a bottle of red wine, throw a couple of logs on the fire, spin some holiday tunes and create the kind of glowing, cozy memories that this time of year is supposed to be all about. For more pot roast inspiration check out our Classic Pot Roast, Korean Style Pot Roast and our Mississippi Pot Roast.

Italian Flavors Make For the Best Pot Roast Recipe, Ever.
What makes this pot roast an Italian pot roast? Well, the classic all-American pot roast is usually flavored with super-simple things—think carrots, onions, potatoes and maybe a little garlic if your Grandma was a wild-child. Our riff on the classic gets its Italian flavors from:
- Pancetta! Pancetta is very similar to bacon. However, instead of being smoked (as most bacon is) pancetta is cured with salt. If you can’t find pancetta, though, a good-quality bacon works as a replacement.
- Tomato paste. Did you know? Tomato paste is a supercharged source of umami!
- Red wine. Any excuse to open a bottle! Kidding, kidding. Wine stands in for the traditional beef or chicken broth as the liquid that your pot roast will braise in. Acid in the wine helps to break down the meat—which is a good thing—and will add a special depth of flavor, too.
- Lots of garlic! Because we love garlic, and so does everyone else.




What Is the Best Meat for Pot Roast?
Let’s set the record straight once and for all—the term “pot roast” actually refers to the cooking method used in pot roast recipes, not a specific cut of meat. Pot roast is basically just a way of braising tough cuts (our Braised Brisket recipe has a lot of great information about braising) of beef so that they become tender and juicy. Because the cuts you can use are much cheaper than other cuts of beef, pot roast is a great way to feed a crowd. Here are a few cuts that work well:
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Chuck roast (our pick!)
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Brisket
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Rump roast


How To Make Pot Roast
This Italian pot roast recipe is made for lazy Sundays as the rain gently pitters against the windowpane. It’s the definition of comfort food and it’s all about taking things slow. Carve out a little time, and let’s get started. Here’s how to make Italian pot roast:
-
Prep your vegetables!
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Brown the meat.
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Crisp the pancetta. (Tip: use the same pot you browned the meat in—one-pot dinners FTW!).
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Nestle your pot roast back into the pan along with the wine, tomato paste and bay leaves and bring it to a simmer. It should be looking pretty pot-roast-y now.
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Pop it in the oven for 2 whole hours—aka, just enough time to get comfy on the couch and watch a movie.
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Once the meat is fork-tender, lift it out of the pan and make a gravy with the pan drippings.
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Serve to a happy crowd!


What To Serve With Italian Pot Roast
We love serving this pot roast over our Roasted Garlic Mashed Potatoes! Or, to complete the Italian theme, our Creamy Polenta. If you want something a tad lighter, our Simple Italian Salad is a wonderful option.
Tools You’ll Need:

Four Meals That Are Just as Cozy as This Pot Roast
When the days are short and the temperatures drop, turn on the oven and settle in for the long season ahead with a few other one-pot recipes.
Ingredients
- 1 (3-pound) chuck roast, fat trimmed, cut into approximately 3-inch pieces
- 1 tablespoon kosher salt
- 2 teaspoons freshly cracked black pepper
- 2 tablespoons extra-virgin olive oil
- 4 ounces pancetta or good-quality bacon, diced
- 1 small yellow onion, finely chopped
- 2 large carrots, peeled and diced
- 2-3 celery ribs, finely chopped
- 6 garlic cloves, minced
- 2 tablespoons tomato paste
- 2 cups light red wine, such as pinot noir
- 2 bay leaves
- 2 sprigs fresh thyme
- Finely chopped fresh flat-leaf parsley leaves, for serving
- Mashed potatoes, or cooked egg noodles for serving
Method
-
Preheat the oven to 350°F with a rack in the center position.
-
Generously season the beef all over with the salt and pepper. Heat the olive oil in a Dutch oven over medium-high heat. Once the oil just begins to smoke, working in batches, add the meat and cook until browned, 2 to 3 minutes per side. Transfer the meat to a plate.
-
Reduce the heat to medium. Add the pancetta and cook, stirring occasionally, until it crisps and the fat has rendered, 3 to 4 minutes. Add the onion, carrots, and celery, and cook, stirring constantly, until softened, about 5 minutes. If the vegetables are sticking to the bottom of the pot, add a bit of water and scrape up the browned bits. Add the garlic and cook, stirring, until fragrant, about 1 more minute. Stir in the tomato paste to combine. Pour in the wine and stir to incorporate.
-
Return the meat to the pan along with any collected juices, nestling it in but not submerging it. Add the bay leaves and thyme. Increase the heat to high and bring to a boil, then cover the pot and transfer it to the oven. Cook for about 2 hours, or until the meat is tender and shreds easily with a fork. Discard the bay leaves and thyme stems. Using tongs, transfer the meat to a serving platter and tent with foil to keep warm.
-
Return the pan to medium-high heat and bring the liquid to a boil. Cook until reduced by about a third, 8 to 10 minutes. Pour the sauce over the meat on the platter. Garnish with parsley.
-
Serve the pot roast family-style with mashed potatoes or egg noodles alongside.
The Girl With Stars In Her Eyes
Written in response to: “Set your story in a world where astrology and the movements of celestial bodies deeply impact the lives of inhabitants.“
Atlas Gray
Modern Humans and Neanderthals Used the Zagros Mountains for Interbreeding!

A fascinating new study has potentially discovered a huge interbreeding zone for Neanderthals and Homo sapiens from the late Pleistocene (c.129,000 and c.11,700 years ago) who lived in parts of Southeast Europe and Southwest Asia. Narrowing down the list of potential places for this, the researchers zeroed in on the Zagros Mountains on the Persian Plateau, which stretches from Iran to northern parts of Iraq and into southeastern Turkey in modern geographical terms.
Ecological Niche Modelling: Where the Science is At
While scientists have long known of this interbreeding, the precise locations for these encounters had remained elusive. This is because fossil evidence is sparse, and the availability of ancient DNA is limited. In response, a team of researchers led by Saman Guran from the University of Cologne in Germany turned to an innovative approach: ecological niche modelling, and have published their finds in the latest edition of the journal Scientific Reports.
- Overreliance on Fossil Hotspots Creates a False Picture of Human Evolution
- Geneticists Think Neanderthals and Sapiens Started Breeding 47,000 Years Ago
This method assesses habitat suitability by examining environmental factors such as temperature and precipitation. By integrating this model with geographic information systems (GIS), the team reconstructed the potential ranges of both species during a crucial window of time—between 120,000 and 80,000 years ago—referred to as Marine Isotope Stage 5 (MIS 5).
The results of their work are striking: during MIS 5, the Zagros Mountains, with their dramatic cliffs and fertile valleys, likely served as a key crossroads. Neanderthals from the Palearctic region and modern humans migrating out of Africa may have encountered one another in this very landscape. The region’s rich biodiversity and varied topography would have provided the ideal conditions for both species to thrive. It was, perhaps, also the perfect setting for them to meet, and potentially interbreed.

Howraman Valley in Zagros Mountain. Kurdistan Province, Iran. (Elena Odareeva/Adobe Stock)
In the Zagros: Favorable Climate, Favorable Geography
This hypothesis situates the Zagros Mountains at the heart of a significant chapter in human evolution. According to the researchers, shifts in climate during this period would have made the environmental conditions of the Zagros especially hospitable. This created what scientists term a “niche overlap,” where the habitats of Neanderthals and modern humans intersected, according to a press release.
The researchers wrote in their study.
“Our study identified the Persian Plateau, particularly the Zagros Mountains, as a potential interbreeding area for AMHs and Neanderthals. The possibility of attracting different hominin groups in the Zagros Mountains is justified by the geographical conditions of this region, since it is located in two different biogeographical zones, namely, the Palearctic and Afrotropical realms.”
Neanderthals, long accustomed to the cold, rugged environments of Europe, found in the Zagros a landscape that mirrored their native habitats. Meanwhile, modern humans, adept at navigating new and challenging terrains, would have been well-prepared to traverse this mountainous region. This overlap of habitats increased the likelihood of contact between the two species, and consequently, the possibility of interbreeding.
While modeling can offer valuable insights, physical evidence is essential to support such theories. Fortunately, the Zagros Mountains are not merely a theoretical meeting point on a map.
“The border areas of two realms are important in biology since they operate as refugia for species from glacial environments. Consequently, some parts of the Zagros Mountains could have been visited repeatedly by people living in the border areas of the Palearctic and Afrotropical realms during Pleistocene climatic shifts. Therefore, the possibility of interaction between different hominins, including AMHs and Neanderthals, was greater in these areas,” wrote the authors.
Neanderthal Rising: Further Evidence of their Presence
This region has already yielded some of the most significant fossil and archaeological discoveries related to Neanderthals.
In the northern Zagros, Shanidar Cave has provided a wealth of evidence. Excavations there have uncovered the remains of ten Neanderthals, offering an intimate glimpse into their lives—and perhaps, their deaths. Several of these individuals are thought to have been buried with flowers, (although there are some other theories) a practice that hints at rituals and customs previously thought to be unique to Homo sapiens, reports ZME Science.
Further south, in the Kermanshah region of Iran, additional Neanderthal fossils have been discovered in caves such as Wezmeh and Bisetun, bolstering the notion that this mountainous region was a long-term home for Neanderthals. However, it is the discovery of a single Neanderthal tooth at the Bawa Yawan rock shelter, dated to around 65,000 years ago, that has captured the most attention.
Found alongside Mousterian stone tools, this tooth provides critical evidence that Neanderthals were present in the Zagros during the timeframe when interbreeding with modern humans likely occurred.
The implications of Neanderthal-AMH interbreeding are profound. Today, Neanderthal DNA constitutes a small, but significant, portion of the genomes of most people of non-African descent (1-4%), influencing everything from immune responses to skin pigmentation. By uncovering the locations and times where this interbreeding took place, researchers are piecing together a more complete and complex narrative of human evolution.
Top image: Habitat suitability models of the two Homo species and their potential contact and interbreeding zones in Southwest Asia and Southeast Europe. Source: Guran et al./Scientific Reports
By Sahir Pandey
I would kill somebody for my sister. I would die for her. I would do anything for her, I never really understood what it was like to love somebody more than yourself. That was before I met her. She’s not biologically related to me, my mom couldn’t make any babies after me, and even if she could she wouldn’t trust her genes for fear they would ruin another baby. But they wanted another kid, so sweet little Lucy lives with us now. It would never make a difference to me. I’m twelve years older than her.
We’re going to see an eclipse, it’s supposed to be a flunk. So rare it was considered impossible. It’s going to occur right above us. Everyone’s thrilled, but there’s something off about me when I think about it. But it’s always like that, I’m a little crazy. Sick.
I have a pretty awful case of psychosis, or at least that’s what they told me. Sometimes, I just lose touch. A few hours ago, in math class, I was sketching what I imagined the eclipse would look like. A blazing ball of fire. Except not orange, this burning shade of black. My hand spasmed, and all around me changed. I was lost in the dark, but a different dark than nighttime. There was nothing, I had no sense of anything except an awful pain in my head. Lost in a pool of darkness. It felt like something was stabbing and clawing at my thoughts until it was simply shredded nothingness. It only lasted a split second, but my pen was broken in half, plastic shards in my fingers, I had stumbled away from my desk, but there was a mess of spilled ink on my page, a dark blot slowly sinking into the paper. I was bleeding black.
Sometimes, I cry from the hallucination, it rarely changes. Sometimes I scream, but most of the time I sit there in silence. Simply waiting for the end. I don’t think straight anymore either. Only Lucy kept me from going crazy.
She’s very excited about the eclipse, Lucy. Last night, she came into my room. Said she couldn’t sleep in anticipation of it. I pulled her closer to me, laughing lightly as we whispered about it.
————–
I woke up from a dream, it was strange. I remember quite vividly walking outside, the green grass was almost painful under my feet. I was looking up at the sky, the world had gotten unnaturally hot, boiling my skin. Then, Lucy walked outside, she stumbled over to me, beet red from the heat. I cradled her in my arms, outside I felt like I was suffocating in the heat. But my blood was chilled, and my bones were frozen with frost. I looked up at the sky, the sun was shifting into a dark ink black that burned against a stormy red sky, and then it broke into thousands and thousands of pieces. I clutched Lucy below me as the sun came raining down on us.
I woke up screaming. Mom ran in, but I couldn’t shake a feeling, it was strange. It was like a twisted dread, caught up in a manic craze. I could feel my eyes dilating as my mom got a therapist on the line. I curled up in a ball. The feeling is burning me. It had started happening a few days before the eclipse was announced, this feeling. It overtook me in my hallucinations, my nightmares. I shoved my hands into my short hair, gripping handfuls of it until my scalp started to scream in protest. Then I saw Lucy out of the corner of my eye, her scared eyes. The feeling snapped. Gone, I went limp, gasping for air as the fear from the dream released its grip on me. The world spun through my disoriented eyes, and then it went black. My brain blanked out, and the world faded around me.
I woke up again at noon, I hadn’t been awake for school, they had let me sleep. Lucy was curled up next to me. She was asleep, the back of her eyes were a pale shade of lavender when they were closed. I could feel myself trembling. Shakily, I put a hand on her head, she had a fever. I put my hand on mine as well, I had a similar temperature. With a groan I laid back down, slowly stroking Lucy’s hair. I laid with her just long enough to be sure that she was fast asleep before I tenderly slipped out of bed. I was still wearing my pair of cotton shorts and a light T-shirt.
In the kitchen, I glanced at the clock. 12:43pm. Just around noon. Then I glanced at the calendar. It was a day later than I had thought, the seventeenth, not the sixteenth. I had been asleep for a whole day. I pulled out my phone, and there was a message from my mom, Call me. I typed in the passcode and navigated to her profile, where I sent through a call. I sat down at the table. I could feel a muscle in my head twitching, occasionally, my eye blinked without my control. She picked up.
“Hey,” I said.
“Hey, are you feeling better? Is Lucy alright.” She asked, her questions running from her mouth quickly.
“We’re fine, you and Dad can stay at work, but, how long was I asleep for?” I asked slowly. I thought about what my psychologist had said. If you’re ever asleep for too long after an episode, call us up, okay?
“All of yesterday and today. About 32 hours.” My mom said something in my stomach twisted. Little specks of black peppered my eyes.
“Alright.” I hissed through gritted teeth, and then I hung up before another word escaped my mom’s mouth.
I sat very still as the world rocked around me, I had been asleep for 32 hours. The eclipse was in four days, and I had a fever. I picked my phone up and dialed my doctor. He picked up after a few rings.
“Hey Tara, are you alright?”
“I had an episode, unconscious for 32 hours, and I have a fever,” I said quickly, my thumb dragged across my finger, violently, until it almost hurt.
“Alright, what happened directly after the episode?” He asked calmly.
“I was shaking, there was that feeling I told you about, and it hurt.”
“How did you calm yourself down?” He asked calmly.
“I didn’t, I saw Lucy and the pain went away, the feeling too. But I passed out. Now we’re both sick.” I said, forcing my hand to stop moving.
“Alright, it looks like it might have just been worse because of a cold. You should be fine, just rest. Are you excited about the eclipse?” He asked. I froze, my jaws clenched, and I felt sick.
“No,” I whispered sharply.
“Why not?” He asked.
“Because it’s the reason I wake up screaming. Every nightmare, it’s been an eclipse. In every episode, something about the eclipse triggered it. There’s something wrong with the eclipse.” I said, my words rushing out quickly. Then, I heard Lucy moving around in my room. “I have to go, Lucy’s waking up.”
I hung up before there was a response, I put the phone down right as Lucy walked into the room. Her eyes are wide and innocent.
“Are Mommy and Daddy gone?” She asked me sweetly.
“They’re at work, I’m watching you today,” I said, forcing on a smile. A wide smile spread on Lucy’s face.
————————-
I was sick for two more days, my episodes were more frequent, and I felt like I was slowly going insane. Finally, on the last day before the eclipse, my fever died off. I still feel a little sick, and sometimes I feel just a bit feverish. But that’s mostly from the stress. Every five minutes I glance at the clock. Well aware that in about twelve hours, the source of some of my worst nightmares, my worst hallucinations, will be coming right to my doorstep.
There were thousands of people coming to our little town, simply to watch the sun cover the moon in a way that was rarer than the predictable occurrence. I sighed, holding my hand to my head, the muscle in my head was twitching again. I jerked out of my seat, walking quickly towards the kitchen. I turned the faucet on, letting the cold water trickle over my hands. I felt the suffocating chaos slowly fade into a bearable buzz.
Slowly, I reached out, turning the faucet off. I heard giggling from Lucy’s room. Then the faint teasing voice of my dad. Here comes the tickle monster, look out! I hesitated in the hall, looking down to where I could find my bedroom. Then I glanced back at the living room, empty and quiet. Finally, I walked over and tenderly sat myself down on the cushion. The silence dimmed the buzz in my head. I could just close my eyes and breathe in the air slowly. I felt my eyes flickering, I couldn’t stop them when they blinked close. I felt my mind-numbing, the world going wonderfully quiet.
——————-
I had never slept without a dream since two years ago. However, when I woke up enough to become aware of what was happening, I realized that I hadn’t had a single nightmare. My father was cradling me in his arms. Holding me closely. I inhaled the soothing smell of sweat and wood. His large hands gently ran through my hair. I leaned into his chest, relaxing, before I fell back asleep.
——————–
I woke up with a strange feeling. Energy, and something even stranger. Security. I heard laughing from outside the room, probably in the kitchen. I slipped out of bed and walked over to the closet. Slowly, I opened it up and pawed through the clothes. Finally, I found a pair of jeans, a plain shirt, and a baggy cream sweatshirt. I quickly swapped out my pajamas for the day clothes, before walking out of my room.
Lucy was chattering at an incredible speed. Holding a thick pair of eclipse glasses. I glanced at the clock, then I froze. One hour, the eclipse starts in one hour. Suddenly, the world froze. And everything inside me quickened. My heart rate, my breathing. Nobody had noticed me. Quickly, I turned around and retreated. Bursting into my room I looked out the window. I felt sick, one tiny fraction of the sky was turning storm-red.
————————
“We can’t be here for it! We have to leave.” I snarled, pacing back and forth.
“Tara, I don’t know what you mean, you have to relax. I’m sure it’s fine.”
“We need to leave!” I cried, my voice cracking in hysteria.
“Tara, the eclipse starts in ten minutes, even if we considered the option. We wouldn’t have time to leave.” My dad said quietly, reaching out to run his thumb over my cheek. I jerked away.
I felt a small tear slipping down my cheek.
————————
Lucy was outside waiting for me. I couldn’t force a smile on my face, even for her. Instead, I walked over and picked her up, holding her in my arms. She squirmed, giggling. I put her down, faking a laugh awfully. Then the sky began to change color ever so slightly, turning a light shade of red. Suddenly, the world rocked. I barely managed to set Lucy down before I erupted into thousands of flames.
The agony was momentary, but I still resonated with it. The world around me was dark except for one girl. I didn’t recognize her. She had dark skin. Her hair was inky black, but her eyes enthralled me. They were a light shade of gray, just light enough to be mystical. In her eyes were specks of white. She seemed to hold millions of stars in the small pockets of vision that watched me carefully. She spoke in a soft voice, quiet.
“You’ve taken an awfully long time to come see me.” She said softly. Her eyes were shining with a manic joy, in a way. She looked just as insane as I did.
“Who are you?” I asked quietly.
“I’m who you were meant to be. A friend, but I don’t have any good news to tell you.” The little girl said softly. “You’ll be me in thousands of years. When the world sees the pain it will see today.”
“Lucy…” I said, suddenly sick with worry. “No! You won’t let it happen!” I said, my eyes sick with fear.”
“Shh, it’ll be quick.” The little girl said, reaching out and touching my arm. I looked at her eyes, shining with stars. A single tear fell from my eyes. And she wiped it from my cheek and put it on her tongue.
——————-
I woke back up with Lucy crying over top of me, I sat up, looking at the sky. It was boiling red. My breath left my body, and I saw the sun. It was burning a dark shade of black. I threw myself to my feet.
In slow motion, I reached out and clutched Lucy close to me. I held her close as I felt the world go cold. Then, in a single burst of impact, the world rocked. And everything broke into a thousand pieces.
Scrambled Eggs for 100

Ingredients
- 200 eggs
- 16 teaspoons salt
- 2 pounds butter
- 20 cups milk
Instructions
- Beat eggs.
- Heat milk and salt. Add eggs and butter to milk. Do not stir. Put into 2 large roasters.
- Bake at 350 degrees F for 1/2 hour, then stir.
- Bake for another 1/2 hour, then stir again. Serve immediately.
Notes
You can stir in 2 pounds chopped ham after eggs have cooked for 1/2 hour, if desired.































































